A complete hormone profile, also known as hormone testing, involves assessing the levels of various hormones in the body to evaluate hormonal balance and function. Hormones regulate numerous physiological processes, including metabolism, reproduction, mood, sleep, and stress response. A comprehensive hormone profile can provide valuable insights into hormonal imbalances, reproductive health, thyroid function, adrenal health, and overall well-being. Here are some essential hormones commonly included in a full hormone profile:
Thyroid Hormones:
- Thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH): This hormone regulates thyroid gland activity and stimulates the production of thyroid hormones T3 and T4.
- Free Thyroxine (FT4) and Triiodothyronine (FT3) are active forms of thyroid hormones that influence metabolism, energy production, and overall cellular function.
- Thyroid Antibodies: Tests for antibodies that may indicate autoimmune thyroid disorders, such as Hashimoto’s thyroiditis or Graves’ disease.
Reproductive Hormones (in women):
- Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH): Stimulates ovarian follicle development and regulates the menstrual cycle.
- Luteinizing Hormone (LH): Triggers ovulation and regulates the menstrual cycle.
- Estradiol: Primary estrogen hormone responsible for female reproductive function, bone health, and cardiovascular health.
- Progesterone: Hormone regulates the menstrual cycle, supports pregnancy, and maintains the uterine lining.
Reproductive Hormones (in men):
- Testosterone: Primary male sex hormone responsible for libido, muscle mass, bone density, and reproductive function.
- Follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and Luteinizing Hormone (LH) Regulate sperm and testosterone production in the testes.
Adrenal Hormones:
- Cortisol is a stress hormone that regulates metabolism, immune function, blood pressure, and the body’s response to stress.
- DHEA-S (Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate) is a precursor hormone that can be converted into testosterone and estrogen. It affects mood, energy levels, and stress resilience.
Insulin and Glucose:
- Insulin is a hormone the pancreas produces that regulates blood sugar levels by facilitating glucose uptake into cells for energy.
- Glucose is the primary source of energy for cells in the body. Elevated blood glucose levels may indicate insulin resistance or diabetes.
Growth Hormone (IGF-1):
- Insulin-like Growth Factor-1 (IGF-1): Regulates growth and development, metabolism, and tissue repair. It is produced in response to growth hormone stimulation.
- Prolactin:
- Prolactin: A hormone involved in lactation and breast development, elevated prolactin levels may indicate pituitary gland disorders or other health conditions.
Sex Hormone-Binding Globulin (SHBG):
- SHBG is a protein that binds to sex hormones, including testosterone and estrogen, and regulates their availability and activity in the body.
A comprehensive hormone profile can help identify hormonal imbalances, underlying health conditions, and potential causes of symptoms such as fatigue, mood changes, weight gain, infertility, and menstrual irregularities. Hormone test results should be interpreted in consultation with a healthcare provider who can provide personalized recommendations for treatment, lifestyle modifications, and hormone optimization strategies based on individual needs and goals. Regular monitoring of hormone levels may be necessary to track progress and adjust treatment plans as needed to optimize hormonal balance and overall health.
Action Item
Regular hormone testing can be a great compliment to standard panels that family practice doctors run. When nutrition, exercise, sleep, and stress management practices are adequate yet results or performance is lacking, hormone deficiencies may be your limiting factor. Work with a physician specializing in hormone therapy to assess your levels and develop a plan for optimization as needed.